Allele Frequency Calculator

- May 10, 2025
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Enter Population Counts

For a single gene with two alleles (A and a)

Allele Frequency Results

Population Statistics
Sample Size (N):
100
Number of Alleles:
200
Frequency of A (p)
0.45
Frequency of a (q)
0.55
Genotype Frequencies
AA (p²):
0.2025
Aa (2pq):
0.4950
aa (q²):
0.3025
Genotype Distribution
AA
20.3%
Aa
49.5%
aa
30.3%

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Check

The observed genotype frequencies match the expected Hardy-Weinberg frequencies within a margin of error of 0.01.

Chi-square test: χ² = 0.042, p > 0.05. The population appears to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

About Allele Frequencies

  • For a diploid gene locus with two alleles (A and a), the Hardy-Weinberg principle states that p² + 2pq + q² = 1
  • p represents the frequency of the dominant allele A, and q represents the frequency of recessive allele a
  • p + q = 1, meaning the allele frequencies must sum to 1
  • p² represents the frequency of homozygous dominant (AA)
  • 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous (Aa)
  • q² represents the frequency of homozygous recessive (aa)
  • A population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is not evolving and shows no genetic drift, selection, mutation, or migration

Understanding the Allele Frequency Calculator

The Allele Frequency Calculator is a helpful tool for anyone interested in genetics. It allows you to determine the frequency of specific alleles in a population. This calculator is valuable for students, researchers, and anyone curious about genetic diversity. By entering various genetic counts or frequencies, you can gain insights into how genes are passed down through generations.

How It Works: The Basics

The calculator works by using simple inputs to provide you with the allele frequencies. You can choose to enter genotype counts or known frequencies. With just a few numbers, the tool calculates the frequencies of both dominant and recessive alleles. It also provides information about genotype frequencies, helping you see the genetic makeup of a population.

Three Methods of Calculation

  • Genotype Counts: Input counts for dominant homozygous (AA), heterozygous (Aa), and recessive homozygous (aa).
  • Known Frequencies: Calculate frequencies based on one known value, such as the frequency of the dominant allele.
  • Advanced Population Genetics: For more complex calculations, including factors like selection coefficients over multiple generations.

Results You Can Trust

Once you've entered your data, the calculator produces clear results. You'll see the frequency of the dominant allele (p) and the recessive allele (q), along with their respective genotype frequencies. This clarity helps you understand the genetic structure of the population you're studying. The results are easy to interpret, making them accessible to everyone.

Visualising Genetic Data

The calculator doesn't just stop at numbers; it provides visual representations as well. You can view a chart that displays the distribution of genotypes in the population. This visualisation helps you grasp the data more effectively, making it easier to communicate findings to others. Seeing the data visually can also highlight trends or patterns you might miss in the numbers alone.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Check

The Allele Frequency Calculator also checks if a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This principle helps you understand if allele frequencies remain stable over generations. It compares observed genotype frequencies to expected frequencies, showing you if the population is evolving or stable. Such information is critical for understanding genetic drift and selection in populations.

Benefits of Using the Calculator

  • User-Friendly: Designed for easy navigation without complex jargon.
  • Educational Tool: Great for students learning genetics in a classroom setting.
  • Scientific Insight: Useful for researchers analysing genetic data for studies.

Getting Started with the Calculator

To begin using the Allele Frequency Calculator, simply select the method you prefer and input your data. Whether you’re a student, educator, or professional, this tool is designed to help you explore genetic concepts easily. With just a few entries, you'll have access to valuable genetic Statistics that enhance your understanding of population genetics.